Prejudice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Prejudice - Assignment Example of political prejudice was against the election of a particular political candidate in the Senate because he believed that that candidate was not suitable for office. He utilized any opportunity he got to campaign against a candidate. Those who listened to his stereotypical arguments against him would discriminate and support his opponent after being convinced of that particular candidates inability to lead. During that particular election, the candidates opponent made it into the senate. It was so relieving for the instigator. The candidate whom he had so much supported for office got into office and the developments of the area he represented in the senate stagnated. It was so disappointing for the people who elected him into office. Before even his term could end, people were already tired of his leadership and they tried to oust him from office but it was not possible. During the following election, the senator was unable to win even in the primary elections. The candidate who had lost in the past elections won in both the primaries and also in the general elections. When he took office as the senator of the area, he was able to change and improve the area to a noticeable point. The instigator was so ashamed of his attitude towards such a great leader and took more interest in his leadership. If only the instigator had not built the belief towards the good senator, probably, was elected into office in the previous term, then, the area would not have suffered bad

Edgar Allan Poe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Edgar Allan Poe - Essay Example Wordsworth attempts to prevent the poetic figure from losing its natural passion, from repeating itself as an empty, mechanical device of style... Poe writes a poem packed with cliches in order to show that those cliches cannot succeed in remaining empty, that there is also a natural passion involved in repetition, that the mechanical is of a piece with the profoundest pain. (Bloom, 24) Poe was born on the 19th of January 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts, to David Poe Jr. and Elizabeth Arnold Hopkins Poe- both established actors. He had an older brother named William Henry Leonard Poe and a younger sister, Rosalie Poe. In 1810, Poe’s father abandoned them, and within a year, their mother died of consumption also known as tuberculosis, a highly contagious bacterial infection. Poe was too young to be influenced by the death of his mother at the time it occurred, but later reflections in adulthood led him to grieve for how much better his home life would have been, if he never had t o live with a foster family. His mother’s death by the dreaded disease of the time, tuberculosis, would be a common source of death in others who would matter much later in his life. Edgar and his brother and sister were split up and sent to live with different families; Edgar went to live with a man by the name of John Allan who was a Scottish tobacco merchant living in Richmond, Virginia; who was always abusive toward him. . â€Å"Although Poe seemed happy, deep inside he was confused. Because he was never formally adopted, he felt uncertain about his position in the Allan family and his doubt often made him cross and dejected.† (Poe & Bagert, 5)They fought constantly, and Edgar finally enlisted in the Army just to get away from him. John Allan was often under the influence of alcohol during the fights but out of respect for the Allan Family, Edgar took the middle name of Allan. Edgar began to write poetry regularly when he was in his early teens. He fell in love wit h a girl named Elmira, and they eventually pledged themselves to each other. In 1826, he was sent to the University of Virginia to study law. His rich foster Father John Allan with whom Edgar always had a chaotic relationship gave him a mere $100 to cover his yearly expenses that totaled to an estimated $450. Under such circumstances, the young man got highly indebted and began gambling in an attempt to make up for his losses. On top of this, Elmira’s letters to him had been intercepted by their parents and having received no encouraging replies from Edgar; she was persuaded to get engaged to another man. After this tragic event, Edgar began drinking seriously. He had little resistance to alcohol and easily became violent and irrational whenever he drank too much. By the end of the year, Mr. Allan pulled Edgar from the University and after loud and spiteful fights with his foster father; Edgar left home and made his way to Boston. In 1827, he published his first pamphlet of T amerlane and Other Poems, which is so rare nowadays that a single copy was sold in 2009 for $660,000. â€Å"This is known as the Black tulip of U.S. Literature†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wahlgren). However, at that time Poe enlisted in the army as Edgar A. Perry at the age of eighteen, stating on the application that he was twenty-two in order to earn a living. In 1829, after his beloved foster mother died, he applied to West Point military academy with the support of his commanding officer and foster father. By 1832, Edgar began to write fiction with the idea of entering story contests. He

The Road To Cashless Economy Using Technology Finance Essay

The Road To Cashless Economy Using Technology Finance Essay Technology advances almost everyday and affects almost every part of our lives and in every industry. The latest advancement, or idea, is a cashless economy. This would eliminate the need for cash in our economic system. Are Americans ready for this? Can this really work? Americans will definitely need a lot of information before adjusting to this change. The younger generation seems all for it, and is already mostly using debit and credit cards. With so much fraud and counterfeit, could checks and cash soon be a thing of the past? What is a Cashless Economy? A cashless economy is a system where payments are made by electronic means rather then using cash or check to pay for goods or services. In an economy that is cashless, a person would pay with plastic methods like credit cards, debit cards or smart cards. This type of transaction electronically moves money from one account to another rather then using the traditional forms of exchanging printed currency or checks. In the time period of 1999 to 2005, the amount of card-swiping terminals tripled to the number of 6.9 million. (Samuelson, June 2007) This figure compares to the fact that 9.1 billion bills are printed each year in the United States, but 95% of that is to replace old and worn out bills and not to expand the supply of paper currency in circulation. In 1996, checks and cash were the payment method for 80% of transactions in the United States and that figure is now reduced to half. (Samuelson, June 2007). It is predicted that in 2010, cashless options will be used for 70% of transactions. For some situations, cash is no longer an option. American Airlines will no longer take cash for payment in flight for drinks and snacks offered. (Associated, May 2009) Other businesses will not accept checks as a form of payment and will only accept cash or electronic options. These facilities include major chains like Subway, McDonalds and Burger King. The largest retailers, Target and Wal-mart, will accept a check, but it is processed electronically rather then the paper deposits and paper trails of yesterday. Woodfords Model of Cashless Economy There has been much debate over Woodfords model of a cashless economy by many experts in the field of economics. Most experts believe that although some of the ideas brought forth make sense, the model is still incomplete because in real world economics, central banks can affect nominal interest rates. In Woodfords model, he assumes that this does not relate to the real world economy. Woodfords argument is that banks have committed themselves to straightforward objectives to control inflation but price stability creates a basis for economic performance. The basic questions brought about by Woodfords theory are: Should central banks control interest rates? As of now, banks follow a rules-based approach through interest rate targeting which is the preferred policy option. The most relative concepts of Woodfords model are: a pure credit economy, natural rate of interest, cumulative process and rules for monetary policy. In Woodfords model, markets are perfectly competitive, prices adjust continuously to clear markets, and there exist markets in which state-contingent securities of any kind may be traded. In this case, no one would have to hold money and all payments could be handled by transfers or other assets. Basically, all base money would be held in and transferred between bank accounts. In Woodfords cashless economy, he analyzes the need for money to hold according to household demands by holding stocks of assets by which the bank can still profit by generating flows of credit. In this setting, there would need to be perfect competition and complete financial markets making nominal assets that substitute for money. According to the rules of this system, the bank would become the price-taker, not the price-maker. Unfortunately, there is no such th ing as a perfect or complete market, so Woodford allows for central banks the power to vary their price, however, in this scenario it takes away from the purpose of the model in that it is no longer free of monetary friction. Woodfords model of a cashless economy is a concept that may not have an opportunity to be implemented by the central bank system because shortcomings may halt the process of converting to a pure credit economy. Woodford will admit that his model does have its own set of problems. The only way his price setting theory could work is if the environment is in low inflation; it is impossible for the system to work if inflation is accelerating. Experts seem to differ in opinion about a conversion like Woodfords and are not sure if the issues associated are more semantics but the general consensus is that while the model is a step towards a cashless economy; there are many wholes in the system as well. Pros and Cons of a Cashless Economy It almost seemed impossible 20 years ago that the currency that we use for our everyday activities and purchases would be replaced by electronic funds creating a cashless economy. Credit cards use to be the new thing on the market in the 80s but as times have advanced and Americans have embraced the idea, its a thing of the past and part of our economic growth system. The big idea behind the credit cards and direct deposit was to keep money out of the peoples hand and into the banks. Even though cash transitions are not in decline, cashless purchases are steadily increasing and surpassing cash purchases made. It seems to have accomplished its goal because at least one American or household has at least one credit card, if not more. Furthermore, smart cards are squeezing their way into the economy as well. But, with any shift of change especially affecting the economy, there is always a negative and positive side to things. There are many positive ideas about moving toward a cashless economy. The first idea is that in a world without cash, payment is made by using electronic means merely to change the numbers on peoples bank statements. Banks prefer this because its a less expensive way to shift value between people. In many circumstances, handling cash can be troublesome, risky and inconvenient. Surprisingly, we have no figures for the number and value of cash transactions, though we have excellent data for non-cash transactions. (Sydney, 2004) Another positive aspect is that when we talk about employers being paid, electronic funds always seem to be the better way and fastest to get paid. Employees are opting to get there paycheck direct deposited in their bank account rather than receiving the traditional paper check which is almost extinct. According to a survey conducted by the Australian Retailers Association in 2001, cash accounts for only about 40% of the value of all payments received by the su rveyed retailers. (Sydney, 2004) Smart cards on the other hand, are convenient for consumers. Checks are still the most popular way people pay their bills but now there are faster and more convenient ways to do it with the internet, smart cards and over the phone. They would eventually replace all other existing cards such as: credit cards, ATM cards, debit cards etc. Another benefit would be the fact that smart cards remember every transition that was made eliminating the need to save receipts for proof of payment. Third, smart cards would mean less cash handling for merchants. Currently it costs businesses and banks about $60 billion each year to handle cash and coin. Consider that cash gets counted at least five times between you, the merchant, and the bank. (Manchester, 1997) Fourth, it would mean less fraud for banks. Smart cards would virtually eliminate the need for banks to set aside money to cover fraud loss. Fifth, it eases the burden of the government. Collecting taxes fr om citizens could become much easier if taxes were collected from the cards. Even though smart cards seem to be the best thing that will hit the economic market, it has disadvantages to the consumer, and merchant. To begin with being that everything will be transferred to the card there is a need to know what is going on behind the scenes. In other words, when we handle cash or pay for purchases with cash we know exactly how much we paid and how much we have left. But, with the smart card, a transaction is non personal and with that comes usage fees. Another area of concern is the idea of consumer privacy. What information is actually kept private and the information that is being stored, what is it being used for? If your smart card is not properly programmed and secured, a merchant could access your health records, driving record or any other information on the card. (Manchester, 1997) Furthermore, will consumers accept the new card or reject them? Will the smart card require an upfront fee to purchase and fees thereafter? Plus, will the card be accepted an ywhere? Just like credit cards and ATMs there will always be malfunction problems and transaction problems that will need to be addressed. And when we talk about purchases and buying things online from merchants, we have to keep in mind that the merchants will have to update their machines to accept the cards and may have to pay a fee for the convenience of using them as well. So while we count up the advantages and disadvantages of the card the consumer, merchants, banks and government need to consider all of the components the smart card has to offer. America seems to be shifting into a microwave market meaning that they want it right now and dont want to wait. Even the childhood game, Monopoly has gone cashless. Sometimes cashless isnt the best thing, following the old sayings that if its not broken dont fix it. Will the smart card be the ultimate downfall or turning point of the economy? The years to come will only tell, but cash is still here to stay for a while. Electronic Methods of Payment One method of electronic payments is the debit card. A debit card is a bank issued plastic card that is directly linked to a bank account. When you use a debit card, money is deducted from your bank account right away. (Ellis, 2009) This card is beneficial because it allows the user to pay immediately and not pay any interest amount on the purchase because they are using money that is available immediately. Benefits of a debit card include the fact the user pays no interest and its convenience. Negative things about a debit card could be the high bank fees at some institutions and the possible increase of being vulnerable to identity theft of a card linked directly to a bank account. Another method of electronic payment is the credit card. Credit cards can be issued by banks, other financial institutions, retailers and oil companies. There are two different kinds of credit cards and those are credit cards and charge cards. Credit cards allow a line of credit and the user to pay a minimum amount each month and charge cards require the user to pay the full amount charged each month. (Columbia, 2006) Benefits of a credit card include the ability to pay immediately and the convenience. The negative effects would be the often times high interest charged for using the credit card. A third method of electronic payment is the smart card. A smart card is a plastic card the size of a credit card that has a microchip loaded with data. (Security, 2009) A smart card can be loaded for many different applications including dialing a connection to a mobile phone, establishing identity, using at parking meters, giving data at hospitals to avoid filling out forms, or purchase online at electronic stores. Smart cards are currently being used primarily in Europe but are expected to become a larger use of electronic payment as technology continues to advance. Summary A cashless economy seems to have many advantages and disadvantages. It creates less risk for the financial institutions, as well as saving them money. The smartcards save time for the consumer and the financials. The debit and credit cards offer many advantages for financial institutions and consumers as well. As research continues and different methods are explored, time will tell if cashless is the best way to go.

Karl Marx Essay -- Communism Communist

KARL MARX: A CRITICAL PROFILE 1. Contribution Like Charles Darwin (1809-82), his contemporary, Karl Marx (1818-83) has had a profound impact on modern thought. This German philosopher, social scientist, and professional revolutionary formulated a theory of social change that influenced most modern forms of socialism and communism. Marx pioneered conflict theory. Motivated by a belief in human emancipation, he tried to discover a way to free people from the social, political, and economic constraints that prevent them from reaching their full potential. Marx used to say: Philosophers explain only; critical theorists translated theory into practice. 2. Early life Marx grew up in Trier, Prussia, the son of Jewish lawyer who converted to Christianity in order to keep his job. During the period 1835-41, he studied (in 1835) law at the University of Bon and he studied (in 1837) philosophy at the University of Berlin, falling under the influence of the idealist philosopher G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831), who interpreted the whole of history as the process by which "Spirit" (and consequently humanity) progressed towards complete self-knowledge and a "rational" and "free" society. Marx looked to Hegel for help in uncovering the principle that would explain historical change; he wanted to know how slavery gave way to feudalism and how feudalism gave way to capitalism. About this time, he joined a group of leftist radical socialists who attacked the Prussian government. He graduated (in 1841) Ph.D. at the University of Jena, but could not obtain a university teaching job because of his subversive views. During the period 1842-48, Marx made his living as a free-lance journalist and political activist. For a while, he wrote for the R... ...e. He predicted the revolutions that came later, but he misread the proletariat altogether; peasants make revolutions, the proletariat do not. Marx's dialectical materialism, combined with semiotics, offers social scientists a powerful tool for studying the political signification of every facet of contemporary culture, including television, film, music, fashion, and sports. They show how people absorb capitalist values via political rhetoric, news reporting, advertising, and public relations. 6. Works Cited Engels, Fr. "Karl Marx's Funeral." 1999. Available at: http://www.ex.ac.uk/Projects/meia/Archive/1883-Death/dersoz1.htm Karl Marx: Timeline (the Marx/Engels Internet Archive). 1999. Available at http://tqd.advanced.org/3376/MARX2.htm Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. 1967. The Communist Manifesto (1848), introduced by A.J.P. Taylor. London: Penguin Books. Karl Marx Essay -- Communism Communist KARL MARX: A CRITICAL PROFILE 1. Contribution Like Charles Darwin (1809-82), his contemporary, Karl Marx (1818-83) has had a profound impact on modern thought. This German philosopher, social scientist, and professional revolutionary formulated a theory of social change that influenced most modern forms of socialism and communism. Marx pioneered conflict theory. Motivated by a belief in human emancipation, he tried to discover a way to free people from the social, political, and economic constraints that prevent them from reaching their full potential. Marx used to say: Philosophers explain only; critical theorists translated theory into practice. 2. Early life Marx grew up in Trier, Prussia, the son of Jewish lawyer who converted to Christianity in order to keep his job. During the period 1835-41, he studied (in 1835) law at the University of Bon and he studied (in 1837) philosophy at the University of Berlin, falling under the influence of the idealist philosopher G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831), who interpreted the whole of history as the process by which "Spirit" (and consequently humanity) progressed towards complete self-knowledge and a "rational" and "free" society. Marx looked to Hegel for help in uncovering the principle that would explain historical change; he wanted to know how slavery gave way to feudalism and how feudalism gave way to capitalism. About this time, he joined a group of leftist radical socialists who attacked the Prussian government. He graduated (in 1841) Ph.D. at the University of Jena, but could not obtain a university teaching job because of his subversive views. During the period 1842-48, Marx made his living as a free-lance journalist and political activist. For a while, he wrote for the R... ...e. He predicted the revolutions that came later, but he misread the proletariat altogether; peasants make revolutions, the proletariat do not. Marx's dialectical materialism, combined with semiotics, offers social scientists a powerful tool for studying the political signification of every facet of contemporary culture, including television, film, music, fashion, and sports. They show how people absorb capitalist values via political rhetoric, news reporting, advertising, and public relations. 6. Works Cited Engels, Fr. "Karl Marx's Funeral." 1999. Available at: http://www.ex.ac.uk/Projects/meia/Archive/1883-Death/dersoz1.htm Karl Marx: Timeline (the Marx/Engels Internet Archive). 1999. Available at http://tqd.advanced.org/3376/MARX2.htm Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. 1967. The Communist Manifesto (1848), introduced by A.J.P. Taylor. London: Penguin Books.

Liberty Communication Satellite Phones Essay

Mexico is one of the leading markets for electronic goods such as mobiles creating a global business avenue. Like any other business, a number of risks face electronic goods. The objective of the paper is to conduct a risk analysis on Mexico for Liberty communications Satellite Phones Company a new business venture. Risk analysis in this case is an aspect of identifying risk factors that jeopardize the success of the new communication company in Mexico. The rules regulate marketing, supply and distribution of satellite mobile phones which affects operation of business. Communication through satellite mobile is regulated by rules made by politicians and thus the company is supposed to have adequate knowledge about communication rules. Another risk to be analyzed is exchange and repatriation of funds which relates to exchange rates. The company is supposed to consider the value of Mexican currency against other currencies to meet global standards (Fleisher Craiq, 2005). This risk occurs when currency trades badly against other currencies as it is a loss to the communication company. Competition is a general risk to any kind of business and thus Liberty communications should consider evaluating whether there is any other dominating company that deals with satellite mobile phones. Upon close evaluation of the communication sector, Liberty communications is bound to make sound decisions about that particular venture. Every business is bound to pay tax to government and this is a major area of concern by Liberty communications. The taxation rate differs from one business to another according to laws made by political entities (Culpan Refik, 2002). In certain instances, the rate of taxation is very high making business to pay heavily. The communication company should consider laws regarding taxation and double taxation. Marketing of satellite phones is a major risk that ought to be analyzed before venturing into communication market. The major aspects to be considered include the 4p’s such as product, price, place and promotion. Management at Liberty communication is supposed to consider putting satellite phones (product) at the right place (Mexico) at the right price and time (promotion). Once these elements are considered the company successfully ventures communication sector without obstacles. Distribution and supply chain is another major risk that should be analyzed as it can lead to poor trading. The company is bound to exploit certain royal customers with the intention to make maximum sales. Distribution of satellite phones is exposed to both physical and environmental risks which should be evaluated before venturing into the business. Social and cultural life of Mexican people is another major area that exposes the company to risks. The social life and cultural practices in Mexico have an influence in communication and Liberty communications is bound to consider such values. This is related to life style as it is influenced by technology and cyber. Management of Liberty Company should consider whether Mexican people have enough knowledge on technology as it is the main area of specialization. References Fleisher Craiq, 2005, Competitive Intelligence and global Business, Praeger. Culpan Refik, 2002, Global Business Alliances: Theory and Practice, Quorum Books.

Chapter 3 the Marketing Environment

GENERAL CONTENT: Multiple-Choice Questions 1. The most commercially influential demographic group in history is _____. a. Generation X b. baby boomers c. Generation Y d. seniors e. infants (Answer: b; p. 70; Easy) 1. All of the groups within a company are called the _____. a. culture b. diversity c. internal environment d. climate e. range (Answer: c; p. 66; Moderate) 2. Which of the following do suppliers not provide marketers within your firm? a. Resources to produce products and services. b. Insight into trends and competitors. c. Partners in creating and delivering customer value. . The funding for your paychecks. e. B and C (Answer: d; p. 67; Moderate)3. Which of these firms help companies to stock and move goods from their points of origin to their destination? a. Financial intermediaries. b. Physical distribution firms. c. Marketing service firms. d. Resellers. e. Modified rebuyers. (Answer: b; p. 67; Easy) 4. Banks, credit companies, insurance companies, and other businesses that help finance transactions or insure against the risks associated with the buying and selling of goods and services are referred to as _____. a. financial intermediaries b. physical distribution firms c. arketing service agencies d. resellers e. wholesalers (Answer: a; p. 67; Moderate) 5. Percy Original caters to a market of individuals and households that buys goods and services for personal consumption. What do we call this market? a. Business. b. Reseller. c. Government. d. Consumer. e. Marketing intermediary. (Answer: d; p. 67; Easy) 6. What is the name of the market that buys goods and services for further processing or for use in the production process? a. Business. b. Reseller. c. Wholesale. d. Consumer. e. Retail. (Answer: a; p. 67; Easy) 7. Rachel Patino works for a wholesale company called Distributors Unlimited.She is responsible for buying and selling goods at a profit to small retailers. What is her market? a. Business. b. Reseller. c. Wholesale. d. Consumer. e. Ret ail. (Answer: b; p. 67; Moderate) 8. A company’s marketing environment includes various _____ that consists of any group that has an actual or potential interest in, or impact on, an organization’s ability to achieve its objectives. a. teams b. audiences c. markets d. publics e. intermediaries (Answer: d; p. 68; Moderate) 9. This type of public is a radio station that carries news, features, and editorial opinions about your area. What is it? a. Financial. b. Media. c. Citizen-action. . Local. e. Regional. (Answer: b; p. 68; Easy)10. A consumer organization, environmental group, or minority group have challenged your firm’s stand on a local issue. This is the _____ public. a. general b. local c. government d. citizen-action e. media (Answer: d; p. 68; Challenging) 11. Your marketing environment is currently researching the size, density, location, age, and occupations of your target market. What is this environment? a. Demographic. b. Psychographic. c. VALS. d. Geographic. e. Product use. (Answer: a; p. 69; Moderate) 12. Statisticians have projected the world’s population to reach _____ billion by the year 2030. . 6. 5 b. 6. 9 c. 7. 5 d. 7. 9 e. 8. 1 (Answer: e; p. 69; Easy) 13. The three largest age groups in America are the baby boomers, Generation X, and _____. a. seniors b. Generation Y c. teens d. toddlers e. infants (Answer: b; p. 70; Moderate) 14. You distribute coupons to every person in America. Sooner or later, you will reach all _____ million people in this country. a. 267 b. 277 c. 287 d. 296 e. 297 (Answer: d; p. 70; Easy)15. Research has shown that the most important demographic trend in the United States is the _____. a. changing age structure of the population b. mobility of people c. slowing birth rates d. ncrease in professional jobs e. aging population (Answer: a; p. 70; Moderate) 16. Some baby boomers are referred to as â€Å"DINKs. † What does this stand for? a. Dependable income, no-kids couple. b. Donâ €™t work, intelligent, no-kicks. c. Dual-income, no-kids couple. d. Doing it and not knowing. e. None of the above. (Answer: c; p. 70; Easy) 17. Baby boomers were born between the years 1946 and _____. a. 1954 b. 1960 c. 1964 d. 1970 e. 1980 (Answer: c; p. 70; Easy) 18. This demographic age group is approaching life with a new stability and reasonableness in the way they live, think, eat, and spend.They are _____. a. Generation X . Generation Y c. baby busters d. baby boomers e. teenagers (Answer: d; p. 71; Easy) 19. Which group includes urban professionals that likely prefer an apartment to a house in the suburbs? a. Generation X. b. Generation Y. c. Baby boomers. d. Baby busters. e. All of the above. (Answer: a; pp. 71–72; Easy) 20. This group shares new cultural concerns, cares about the environment, and responds favorably to socially responsible companies. Who are they? a. Generation X. b. Generation Y. c. Generation Z. d. Baby boomers. e. Teenagers. (Answer: a; p. 71 ; Challenging) 21. Who are the echo boomers? a. Generation X. b. Generation Y. c.Generation Z. d. Baby boomers. e. Baby busters. (Answer: b; p. 72; Moderate) 22. This group has created large kid and teen markets. Who are they? a. Generation X. b. Generation Y. c. Generation Z. d. Baby boomers. e. The Elderly. (Answer: b; p. 72; Easy) 23. Recently you read a marketing research report that mentioned _____ has (have) utter fluency and comfort with computer, digital, and Internet technology. a. Generation X b. Generation Y c. the elderly d. preschool children e. baby boomers (Answer: b; p. 72; Moderate) 24. Defining people by their birth date may be less effective than segmenting them by their _____ or _____. a. ncome; occupation b. lifestyle; occupation c. lifestyle; life stage d. occupation; life stage e. gender; sexual preference (Answer: c; p. 74; Challenging) 25. It is interesting to note that about _____ percent of American households contain married couples with children. a. 24 b . 28 c. 32 d. 34 e. 41 (Answer: d; p. 75; Moderate) 26. The three groups of baby boomers include leading, _____, and trailing. a. core b. general c. secondary d. central e. primary (Answer: a; p. 74; Moderate) 27. _____ households are now growing faster than _____ households. a. Traditional; nontraditional b. Large; traditional c. Nontraditional; smaller d.Nontraditional; traditional e. Male-dominant; female-dominant (Answer: d; p. 74; Moderate) 28. In 1950, women made up 30 percent of the workforce; now they make up _____. a. 35 percent b. 40 percent c. 43 percent d. 46 percent e. 60 percent (Answer: e; p. 74; Moderate) 29. Americans are very mobile. Over the past two decades, the U. S. population has shifted toward the _____ states. a. Midwest b. Western c. Sunbelt d. Southeastern e. New England (Answer: c; p. 75; Easy) 30. Within given regions, the population is moving from large cities to ______. a. farming communities b. rural areas c. foreign countries d. suburbs e. coastal to wns Answer: d; p. 75; Moderate) 31. Nearly 40 million Americans are working out of their homes with electronic conveniences. They are called the _____ market. a. telecommuters b. SOHO c. mobile d. work-at-home e. lazy (Answer: b; p. 75; Challenging) 32. Population shifts interest marketers because people in different regions _____ differently. a. eat b. think c. buy d. act e. all of the above (Answer: c; p. 75; Easy) 33. The Facts For You research firm has just released a report that one of these groups of workers has declined during the last 20 years. Which one is it? a. White collar. b. Blue collar. c. Service. d. Unemployed. e.Restaurant employees. (Answer: b; p. 76; Moderate) 34. Marketers need to know that almost everyone in this country is a native. Which country is it? a. China. b. Bolivia. c. Japan. d. Korea. e. The United States. (Answer: c; p. 76; Easy) 35. Because of increased _____, Americans will demand higher quality products, books, magazines, travel, personal compute rs, and Internet services. a. income b. family size c. education d. social class awareness e. none of the above (Answer: c; p. 76; Easy) 36. It is important for marketers to know that the _____ population growth is 12 times greater than the Caucasian growth rate. a. Hispanic b. minority . Asian d. African American e. Pacific Islander (Answer: b; p. 77; Challenging)37. Most large companies know they must now target specially designed _____ and _____ to ethnic groups in the United States. a. advertising; services b. services; promotions c. products; promotions d. services; labeling e. TV commercials; newspaper ads (Answer: c; p. 77; Moderate) 38. Which members of this group are more likely than the general population to have professional jobs, own a vacation home, own a notebook computer, and own individual stocks? a. Yuppies. b. Gays and lesbians. c. Baby boomers. d. Echo boomers. e. Environmentalists. (Answer: b; p. 7; Challenging) 39. This group of Americans totals 54 million. Who are they? a. Baby boomers. b. People born in American. c. People with disabilities. d. People with foreign-born parents. e. None of the above. (Answer: c; p. 78; Moderate) 40. The _____ environment consists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns. a. social-cultural b. political-legal c. technological d. economic e. natural (Answer: d; p. 79; Easy)41. Marketers would do well to take heed of the fact that this group is somewhat careful about its spending but can still afford the good life some of the time. Who are they? a. Lower class. . Lower-middle class. c. Middle class. d. Upper class. e. Lower-upper class. (Answer: c; pp. 78–79; Easy) 42. The group of expenses that use up most household income are _____. a. food, housing, retirement planning b. housing, insurance, taxes c. food, housing, transportation d. housing, taxes, transportation e. food, travel, electronics (Answer: c; p. 79; Moderate) 43. Ernst Engel’s laws generally have been supported by recent studies. He discovered that as family income rises, the percentage spent on _____ declines and the percentage spent on _____ remains about constant. a. food; clothing b. clothing; recreation/entertainment c. ood; transportation d. food; housing e. recreation/entertainment; retirement planning (Answer: d; p. 80; Challenging)44. One of the major concerns for marketers about the natural environment is the _____. a. number of protestors against misuse b. shortages of raw materials c. increases in recycling d. offshore oil exploration e. none of the above (Answer: b; p. 80; Easy) 45. The natural resources that are needed as inputs by marketers or that are affected by marketing activities are referred to as the _____. a. raw material market b. natural environment c. endangered environment d. green movement e. factors of production (Answer: b; p. 0; Easy) 46. As a marketer of pesticides, you should be concerned about all of the following natural environment trends ment ioned in your text except _____. a. shortages of raw materials b. increased pollution c. increased government intervention d. government subsidies e. increased acid rain (Answer: d; p. 81; Challenging) 47. What movement has spawned the marketer’s awareness of environmentally sustainable strategies? a. EPA. b. Black market. c. Green movement. d. Deregulation. e. Green intervention. (Answer: c; p. 81; Moderate) 48. Which of the following represents the most dramatic force shaping a marketer’s destiny? a.Technological environment. b. Natural environment. c. Legal-political environment. d. Deregulation. e. Partnership marketing. (Answer: a; p. 81; Easy) 49. New technologies create new opportunities and new _____. a. products b. services c. markets d. means of financing purchases e. headaches (Answer: c; p. 82; Moderate) 50. Which country leads the world in research and development spending? a. England. b. Germany. c. Sweden. d. Japan. e. The United States. (Answer: e; p. 8 4; Moderate) 51. Marketers are aware of laws, government agencies, and pressure groups that influence or limit various organizations and individuals in a given society.Not only are the baby boomers wealthier, which has likely influenced trends in the lake area, but the population is better educated that has allowed people to demand more from the market. (p. 70; Moderate) 162. Among some of the older patrons of The Landing was negative talk about Casey’s converting his business into a bar. What are two examples of social responsibility that Casey could embrace in an effort to offset that negativity? Casey could sponsor local ball teams, for example, or he could contribute to or help with the Witmer Lake Enhancement Committee. p. 85; Moderate) 163. What possible shifts in cultural values may once again impact Casey’s mission at The Landing? Casey will likely continue to track preferences of the baby boomers because this population group has been the primary driver of his business. As more baby boomers retire and age and choose to spend more time with grandchildren, life at the lake may again become a focal point in the baby boomers’ lives. (p. 87; Challenging) 164. What current characteristics of Casey’s business indicate that we have moved from a â€Å"me society† to a â€Å"we society†?The Landing is now merely surviving as a bar indicates that more people want to â€Å"be with others,† as the text indicates. (p. 88; Challenging) 165. What might allow Casey Brickly to now take a more proactive stance in responding to the marketing environment? Casey has owned The Landing for more than four decades; therefore, he may have a more innate sense of how to deal with his market. In addition, he understands who his primary customers have been; therefore, he could be able to better predict their preferences. (p. 90; Moderate)